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CBSE Board Examination 2024 · Section A · 1 mark

Q14: Order and degree of [1+(dydx)2]3=d2ydx2\left[1 + \left(\frac{dy}{dx}\right)^2\right]^3 = \frac{d^2y}{dx^2}

The question

The order and degree of the differential equation

[1+(dydx)2]3=d2ydx2\left[1 + \left(\frac{dy}{dx}\right)^2\right]^3 = \frac{d^2y}{dx^2}

respectively are :

(A) 1, 2

(B) 2, 3

(C) 2, 1

(D) 2, 6

Exam answer

The highest order derivative is d2ydx2\frac{d^2y}{dx^2}⁠, so the order is 2.

Why?

The order of a differential equation is the order of the highest derivative in it. Here the derivatives are dydx\frac{dy}{dx} (order 1) and d2ydx2\frac{d^2y}{dx^2} (order 2).

The equation is a polynomial in the derivatives, and d2ydx2\frac{d^2y}{dx^2} occurs with power 1, so the degree is 1.

Why?

The degree is the highest power of the highest order derivative, once the equation is a polynomial in the derivatives. No derivative here sits inside a root, a log or a trig function, so the degree is defined.

Watch out: the power 3 belongs to the bracket with the first derivative. Expanded, its highest term is

(dydx)6\left(\frac{dy}{dx}\right)^6

but the first derivative is not the highest order derivative, so its power does not decide the degree. That rules out (B) and (D).

So the order and degree are 2 and 1. (A) has them the wrong way round.

Answer: (C) 2, 1

Where this comes from

Chapter 9, Differential Equations: Order and degree of a differential equation.

Question type: Order and degree

How to spot it: click to see

Type 1. Order and degree: the highest derivative, and its power

Spot it: "find the order and degree (if defined)". Often an MCQ.

Here: The highest derivative is d2ydx2\frac{d^2y}{dx^2}⁠, so the order is 2. It appears to power 1; the cube belongs to the bracket with dydx\frac{dy}{dx}⁠, which does not count, so the degree is 1.

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